Small checks combine into bigger rules with groups.
All of group with two rules joined by AND

An All of group: both rows must pass, so Studio shows AND between them.

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Examples

Build each by clicking + Rule and + Group:
  • Signed in and the owner. All of: Is signed in; Owns the record (owner_id).
  • The owner or an admin. Any of: Owns the record (owner_id); Has role admin.
  • Anyone except blocked people. None of: $record.blocked_ids contains $auth.user_id.
  • An owner or an admin, but only while not locked. All of: (Any of: Owns the record; Has role admin); $record.locked does not equal true.

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Empty groups

An empty All of passes; an empty Any of fails. The builder says so: No rules: everyone passes / No rules: nobody passes. Be careful removing the last rule from a group.

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Lists versus All of

Where Studio shows the rule picker, choosing List and adding rules means all of them must pass, the same as All of. The difference is that a list holds picker choices (Signed-in users, Signed in with 2FA, a named rule), whereas All of / Any of inside a custom condition holds checks (Has role, Compare values…). For “any of” at the top level, use a Custom condition with Any of.

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Order and cost

Order doesn’t change the result, but cheap, decisive checks first (Is signed in, a role) make rules easier to read. For lists on large tables keep the row check a plain equality so it becomes a database filter (How rules are evaluated).

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Keeping rules readable

  • Save big rules under a name (Named rules) instead of nesting four deep.
  • One idea per group: “who” in one Any of, “what state” in another, joined by an All of.
  • Prefer a different rule per action over one rule that tries to cover everything.
  • Use the policy’s Description to say what it’s for; the builder has no comments.

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When you need “unless”

“Everyone except staff on weekends” is awkward with None of. Say the positive case instead: Any of (not staff; not a weekend). Test any rule with None of carefully: a missing value inside it flips in ways that surprise (Values and paths).

Shortcuts

The ready-made checks.

Recipes

Real combinations.